National Parks of India - Part 5

In earlier articles, we have known the National Parks of India located in some states, whose links are as follows –

• National Parks of India - Part 1 : National Parks located in Jammu-Kashmir, Ladakh, Himachal Pradesh and Haryana.
• National Parks of India - Part 2 : National Parks located in Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat.
• National Parks of India – Part 3: National Parks located in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.
• National Parks of India – Part 4: National Parks located in Goa, Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
• National Parks of India – Part 5: National Parks located in Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and West Bengal.
• National Parks of India - Part 6: National Parks located in Sikkim, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura, Mizoram, Manipur, Nagaland and Arunachal Pradesh.
• National Parks of India – Part 7: National Parks located in Andaman and Nicobar Islands .

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National Parks of India

A national park is a large area, consisting of one or several different types of ecosystems or biomes, where human activities, acquisition or grazing of cattle, hunting, etc., are not allowed in any way. Various types of trees, plants and wildlife reside in these areas. National Parks are established by the Central Government with the aim of providing safe habitats to forests and wildlife.

A. National Park of India Located in Telangana, Andhra Pradesh

The National Parks of India located in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh is as follows - 

1. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy ( KBR ) National Park
2. Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park
3. Mrugavani National Park
4. Sri Venkateswara National Park
5. Papikonda National Park
6. Rajiv Gandhi National Park (Rameswaram R.U.)

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01. Kasu Brahmananda Reddy ( KBR ) National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1998. 
• Located in Jubilee between the hills Hyderabad ,Telangana.
• This park is famous as KBR national park.
• This park is named after former Chief Minister Kasu Brahmananda Reddy.
• About 600 types of plants, 140 types of birds, 20 types of reptiles, 20 types of mammals and 15 types of butterflies are found here.

02. Mahavir Harina Vanasthali National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1994 
• Located at a place called Banasthali in Hyderabad district ,Telangana.
• It was named to commemorate the 2500th birth anniversary of Mahavira, the founder of Jainism.
• It is mainly the habitat of the endangered black buck deer (local name – Jinka). Apart from this, porcupine, water lizard, many types of snakes etc. are found here.
• Among birds, herons, kingfishers, cormorants, peacocks etc. are found here.

03. Mrugavani National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1978 
• Located in Moinabad, Ranga Reddy District, Telangana.
• It is situated at a distance of 25 km from Hyderabad.
• This park was declared a wildlife sanctuary in 1994.
• The vegetation here is mainly like tropical dry forest & grassland. Here teak, sandalwood and boss etc. are found in the trees.
• Here wild cat, chital, black hairy rabbit, gandhilav, snake and about 100 types of birds are found.

04. Sri Venkateswara National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1998
• Located in Kaduppa and Chittoor district ,Andhra Pradesh.
• This garden is named after Lord Venkateswara.
• There are many water falls in this park.
• Asian elephant, wild dog, leopard, golden jackal, Indian fox, sloth bear, chital, sambhar, barking deer, wild boar and many types of reptiles etc. are found here.

05. Papikonda National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 2008 
• Located in papi hills Rajahmundry town between East and West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh.
• Papikonda Wildlife Sanctuary was established in 1978, which was declared a National Park in 2008.
• Godavari river flows through the middle of this park.
• Bengal tiger, Indian leopard, jungle cat, sloth bear, chital, deer, sambhar, nilgai etc. are found here.

06. Rajiv Gandhi National Park (Rameswaram R.U.)

• Declared as a National Park of India in 2005 
• Located in Rameshwaram Cuddapah District , Andhra Pradesh.
• It is mainly called Rameshwaram National Park.
• It is found in the plains situated between the broad hill ranges of Veligonda, Palakondas, Lankamallais and Yermalais in Cuddapah district.
• Penna river is also situated on its northern bank.
• It is a beautiful example of sand ecosystem.

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B. National Park of India Located in Odisha and Chhatisgarh

The National Parks of India located in Odisha & Chhatisgarh is as follows - 

1. Bhitarkanika National Park
2. Simlipal National Park
3. Indravati (Kutru) National Park
4. Kanger Valley National Park
5. Guru Ghasi Das National Park or Sanjay Rao U.P.
6. Neora Valley National Park

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01. Bhitarkanika National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1988 
• Located in Kendrapara District, Odisha.
• It was recognized as a wildlife sanctuary in 1975 and was declared a national park in 1988.
• Bhitarkanika is made up of two Oriya words – Bhitar and Kanika. Inner means - internal and Kanika means - extremely beautiful. That means very beautiful from inside.
• India's second largest mangrove forest is located here.
• It is situated on the delta of two rivers Brahmani and Baitarani rivers.
• It is a very rich area in terms of biodiversity.

02. Simlipal National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1980 
• Located in Mayurbhanj district , Odisha.
• It is a part of Simlipal Tiger Reserve, Hargarh Wildlife Sanctuary and Kuldiha Wildlife Sanctuary.
• This park was named after the red silk cotton tree found here in abundance.
• It is a part of UNESCO's world biosphere since 2009.
• 12 rivers flow through this park and some scenic waterfalls like – Joranda, Barehipani etc. are situated.
• About 300 types of birds, 55 types of mammals, 21 types of frogs, 38 types of fish and more than 160 types of butterflies are found here.

03. Indravati (Kutru) National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in  1981 
• Located in Bijapur district , Chhattisgarh.
• This park is named after the Indravati river flowing through it, which forms the northern boundary of the park flowing from east to west and separates Maharashtra from it.
• Project Tiger is also being implemented here.
• This is the habitat of a rare species of wild buffalo, as well as an alternative habitat for deer living in the marshes here.

04. Kanger Valley National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in  1981 
• Located in Bastar District , Chhattisgarh.
• This park has been named after the Kanger river flowing parallel to the Kanger valley. 
• The Kolaba river also flows through it.
• Trees of sal, teak, teak, bamboo etc. can be seen here.
• Here the state bird of the state Bastar Myna is a famous species of bird, which speaks like the voice of humans.

05. Guru Ghasi Das National Park or Sanjay Rao U.P.

• Declared as a National Park of India in  1981 
• Located in Dhorgi village, Bharatpur tehsil, Korea district , Chhattisgarh. 
• It was earlier under the jurisdiction of Sanjay National Park in undivided Madhya Pradesh, but after the formation of Chhattisgarh in 2000 , the area under this state was named Guru Ghasi Das National Park (GGNP).
• Sal, Khair, Bamboo, Shisham, Salai, Mahua, Semal, Palas and Tendu are the main plants found here.
• Tiger, leopard, chital, chinkara, nilgai, sambhar, jackal, wild cat, porcupine, wild dog, barking deer, wild boar etc. can be seen here.

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C. National Park of India Located in Jharkhand , Bihar & West Bengal

The National Parks of India located in Jharkhand , Bihar and West Bengal is as follows - 

1. Betla National Park
2. Balmiki National Park
3. Buxa National Park
4. Gorumara National Park
5. Neora Valley National Park
6. Singalila National Park
7. Sundarbans National Park
8. Jaldapara National Park

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01. Betla National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1986 
• Located in Palamu District, Jharkhand.
• It is situated in Palamu district, situated between the hills of Chhotanagpur.
• These are the areas included in 'Project Tiger', a scheme to be implemented for the conservation of tigers.
• Here the name Betla is made by taking the first letter of the name of five animals, which are as follows – B – bison, E – elephant, T – tiger, L – leopard & A – axis .

02. Balmiki National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1990 
• Located in West Champaran District , Bihar.
• It was declared as Valmiki Wildlife Sanctuary in 1978, while in 1990 it was declared as National Park.
• India's 18 Tiger Reserves are located here.
• This park is named after Valmiki Nagar located here, which is the main way to go to the Tiger Reserve here.
• Here tiger, rhinoceros, leopard, black bear, wild dog, wild buffalo, hyena, wild cat, langur, monkey, barking deer, flying squirrel etc. are found.

03. Buxa National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in  1997 
• Located in Jalpaiguri district , West Bengal.
• The main rivers of this park are Sankosh, Jayanti, Churnia, Buxadaur, Bhutanaghat etc.
• Rare orchids and medicinal plants are found here.
• Apart from teak, sal, semal, rosewood etc., 170 types of plants and vines are found here.

04. Gorumara National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in  1998 
• Located in Jalpaiguri district , West Bengal.
• It is found in the Terai regions situated in the foothills of the Himalayas.
• It is famous for the one horned Indian Rhinoceros.
• It is situated on the banks of Murti and Raidak rivers.
• Grasslands and forests are also a feature of this.
• Apart from rhinoceros, animals and birds like elephant, langur, deer, sambhar, monkey, hornbill, woodpeeker, sunbird, fly catcher, brahminy duck etc. are found in this park.

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05. Neora Valley National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1992 
• Located in Darjeeling District ,West Bengal.
• This park is named after the Neora river that flows through this area.
• It extends to Sikkim and Bhutan.
• It is the main habitat of Red Panda.
• Apart from red panda, Himalayan tahr (Himalayan goat), black bear, sambhar, barking deer, tiger, leopard, pangolin, giant squirrel, wild dog etc. and many types of birds are found here.

06. Singalila National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in 1992 
• Located in Darjeeling District , West Bengal.
• It is a part of the Eastern Himalayas, which borders Sikkim and the neighboring state of Nepal.
• It is the abode of Red Panda and Himalayan Black Bear. Apart from this, many other species of creatures are found here.

07. Sundarbans National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in  1984  
• Located in North and South 24 Parganas district , West Bengal.
• It was selected as a world heritage site by UNESCO in 1987.
• Sundarbans is also a tiger reserve and with this it is also a biosphere reserve.
• It is spread in the delta region of the river Ganga, which is densely covered by mangrove forest. This delta is the largest delta in the world, which is formed by the Ganga, Brahmaputra and Meghna rivers.
• This is India's largest Bengal Tiger Reserve area.
• It has been named Sundervan after the Sundari tree found here.

08. Jaldapara National Park

• Declared as a National Park of India in  2014 
• Located in Jalpaiguri District , West Bengal.
• It is situated on the banks of the Torsa River in the sediments of the Eastern Himalayas.
• One horned rhinoceros, tiger, leopard, wild pigs, chital, sambhar, pangolin, giant sruirrel, Indian porcupine, wild cat etc. are found here.
• The second largest number of one horned rhinos are found here after Kaziranga.

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