Street Studies

Under the  Tribal Movements in British India , we have discussed earlier following topics - Sanyasi Rebellion Chuar Rebellion Ho and Munda Rebellion Bhil Rebellion Ahom Rebellion Kol Rebellion   In this Session, we will know about other different movements of India like -  Khasi Rebllion Revolt of Kutch - Kathiawad Surat Movement Badhera Rebellion Gadkari Rebellion  or   Mutiny of Kolhapur Feudalist Revolt Revolt of Dewan Veluthampi - Vella Thumpi Revolt of the Raja of Vijayanagara Koya Rebellion which became the basis of India's freedom struggle. UNESCO And World Heritage Sites Khasi Rebellion ( 1830 – 33 ) This rebellion took place between the tribes located between the Garo, Khasi and Jaintia hills of Northeast India and the British. The then Company / British took over the area between Jaintia and Garo hills. He planned a military route to connect Brahmaputra and Sylhet and many British, Bengali and other laborers were called there to fulfill this task. The ...

During the British period, due to the expansion of the empire by the British, along with evicting the farmers and tribals from their lands, many types of taxes were imposed on them. Apart from this, exploitation was also done, as a result of which many tribal movements took place in the 100 years before independence, which became a major part of the history of Indian independence.  In this part, we are going to discuss on following  tribal movements  -  Sanyasi Rebellion Chuar Rebellion Ho and Munda Rebellion Bhil Rebellion Ahom Rebellion Kol Rebellion   Except the Movements mentioned in this article , there are few other movements held which are as -  Khasi Rebllion Revolt of Kutch - Kathiawad Surat Movement Badhera Rebellion Gadkari Rebellion  or   Mutiny of Kolhapur Feudalist Revolt Revolt of Dewan Veluthampi - Vella Thumpi Revolt of the Raja of Vijayanagara Koya Rebellion Tribal Movement in British India  .  We will know about t...

Bardoli Satyagraha : 1928 In Bardoli taluka of Surat district (Gujarat), a movement was launched by farmers for non-payment of rent, which later came to be known as Bardoli Satyagraha. In fact, this movement was also a product of the non-cooperation movement. Fundamental Rights : Article 23 – 31 The root cause of this movement was 30% increase in rent by the government . The foundation of Bardoli Satyagraha was laid only in 1922, at this time the local leaders Merta brothers (Kalyanji and Kuwarji) and Dayalji started the work of gathering public opinion for the non-cooperation movement. In this movement, not only the landowners of upper class castes like Kunbi-Patidar ( Ujalipraj community ) but also tribal, lowly, untouchable and black tribes ( Kaliparaj community ) also participated. 60% of the people in this area belonged to the Kaliparaj community. The Kaliparaj community, also known as 'lean tribals', used to till the land of Kunbi-Patidar class people. The Kunbi-Patidar ...

The Ahmedabad movement of 1918 is an important movement, in which Gandhiji organized a movement to protect the interests of the workers against the mill owners. Ministries and Departments of Govt. of India : A Brief Outline Ahmedabad Movement : 1918 The main reason for the Ahmedabad movement was to end the plague bonus given to the laborers by the mill owners. The mill workers wanted to retain this bonus because according to them the inflation due to the First World War had increased a lot. And the amount of bonus that was being received was much less than the increased inflation. The British Collector sent Gandhiji to pressurize the mill-owners to settle the matter. After talking to both the parties, Gandhiji decided to hand over the matter to the tribunal on the consent of both the parties, but later on the pretext of strike, the mill owners broke away from the tribunal and announced 20% bonus and threatened that The laborer who does not accept this, will be fired from the job. Gandh...

In this episode of the farmer's movement , we will know about the movement done by the farmers of Kheda district of Gujarat , which was led by Gandhiji. Other peasant movements are Ramosi Movement, Mopla Rebellion, Indigo Movement , Deccan Rebellion, Pabna Rebellion , Champaran Satyagraha etc. whose details we have seen in earlier topics. Indian Classical Dance Form Kheda Movement : 1918 This was the first real farmer Satyagraha of Mahatma Gandhi. The Kheda movement started on March 22, 1918 in the Kheda district of Gujarat. In Kheda district, even after crop failure, farmers were being charged rent and land revenue, due to which the farmers agitated under the leadership of Gandhiji. Because of starting in Kheda district, it was called Kheda movement. The government was confiscating the property of the farmers for not paying the rent, and started taking away their cattle. Members of 'Servant of India Society', Vithal Bhai Patel, Gandhiji after the survey accepted the dem...

In this article on Farmer's Movement , we will learn about Champaran Satyagraha or Champaran Movement. In earlier articles we read about other peasant movements like Ramosi movement, Mopla rebellion , Indigo movement , Pabna rebellion , Deccan rebellion. Ramosi And Moppila Rebellion - Farmer's Movement In British India Champaran Satyagraha - 1917 Champaran Satyagraha was the first attempt by Gandhiji to use Satyagraha in India. It was only at the local level. The first use of Satyagraha at the national level was the Rowlatt Satyagraha (1919). In fact, Champaran Satyagraha was a movement of farmers against 'Tinkathia method' in Bihar. Champaran Satyagraha was limited to Bihar only. The root cause of the Champaran Satyagraha was an agreement by the English planters with the peasants in the early 19th century, according to which it was mandatory for the peasants to cultivate indigo on 3/20th of their land. Due to the contract of cultivation in 3/20th part of the land, it ...

In this Article of the peasant movement , we will get information about the riots against moneylenders and landlords in South India for their economic demands. Before this, we got information about other peasant movements like Ramosi movement , Mopla rebellion , Indigo rebellion and  Pabna Rebellion . Parliamentary Committees Deccan Rebellion of South India : 1874 - 75 The Deccan Revolt of the Peasants of South India started mainly in Poona and Ahmednagar districts of Maharashtra in 1875. The main reason for the Deccan rebellion was the high rent collected by moneylenders and moneylenders from the peasants under the Ryotwari land revenue system. In fact, due to the American war in 1860, there was a huge increase in the demand for cotton, due to which the price of cotton also increased. But after the end of the war, its demand decreased, due to which the farmer suffered crop loss. And the farmers got buried under the burden of rent. At the same time, in 1867, the government increa...

We have already discussed about few Farmer's Movement in British india like Ramosi Rebellion , Mopilla Rebellion And Indigo Movement . Now in this topics we are going to discuss about  Pabna Rebellion  which held in 1873. the details are as - Topographies Formed By Underground Water Pabna Rebellion : 1873 - 85 Pabna rebellion started in Pabna district of West Bengal. Pabna area was famous for jute cultivation. The main reason for this rebellion was the unrest expressed by the peasants in the 1870s and early 1880s. The reason for the unrest of the farmers was to increase the rates of rent by the landlords more than the legal limit. Along with this, they started trying to snatch the lands of the tenants or farmers from them or to deprive them of their rights. The landlords also started doing many kinds of atrocities on the farmers for their selfishness. Due to the dissatisfaction of the landlords among the farmers, in 1873, a farmer's union was established in Yusufsahi pargan...

Farmer’s Movement We got information about Ramosi Rebellion and Moppila Rebellion in previous article. We will learn about other peasant movements like  Indigo Movement   ,  Pabna Rebellion  and Deccan Rebellion in British India. These farmer's movements were mainly due to the demand of their rights by the farmer or the middle class, they could not be widely publicized at the national level. These peasant movements were spread over a limited area, due to which they were suppressed successfully. Indus Valley Civilization or Harappan Civilization Indigo movement : 1859 – 60 The indigo movement or rebellion was the first successful rebellion of Indian farmers. In Indian history, if the name of any movement comes in the direct and combative fight against the British against the exploitation for their economic demands, then it is the Indigo Rebellion of West Bengal. The root cause of this movement was – forced cultivation of indigo by the farmers on their fertile lan...

Former’s Movement Even before the revolution of 1857, there were many rebellions and movements in which the middle class and the farmers actively participated for their rights. Of these, the farmer's movement is important. The British entered India with an imperialist ideology. To achieve this goal, they adopted many types of methods on Indians. The British imposed various types of taxes on the farmers and the middle class to get revenue and empire, due to which the farmer class was forced to take loan from the moneylender or landlord to pay the rent or tax. In this way two classes emerged – the first class of farmers and the second class of moneylenders. The peasant class organized various revolts against these classes, whose main objective was to break or weaken the feudal bonds. He protested against increasing land rent, eviction and usury of moneylenders. But due to lack of well-organized organization, the farmer's movement or the farmer's movement could not take a poli...

We often hoist the national flag on national festivals / national days and other occasions, but have you ever tried to know what is the proper way to hoist the national flag? And in this you are not misusing it in the name of hoisting the flag? The rules relating to proper way to hoist the national flag by the Central and State Governments and their organizations/agencies have been mentioned in Part III of the National Flag Code. Before this article, we have learned about the rules for hoisting the national flag in schools under Section 1 of Part II. The rules related to hoisting the flag properly are described in Part III, whose sections are as follows – Section 1 : Rules for the Heads of Defense Establishments, Missions and Posts Section 2 : Official hoisting of the flag Section 3 : Correct way of hoisting the flag Section 4 : Wrongful hoisting of the flag Section 5 : Misuse of Flag Section 6 : Salutation of the flag Hybridization Experiment of Gregor John Mendel and Mendel There are...

Important Facts Related to Tricolor The national flag of our country is the tricolor. We learned about the rules and regulations related to the national flag under many articles. In this article, we will throw light on some such aspects related to the tricolor, about which very few people know. Most of the facts of this article are inspired from the book 'Tricolor Ki Gaurav Gatha' written by Lieutenant Commander KV Singh of the Indian Army. The first flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya , in which a spinning wheel was made in place of the wheel. After the independence of the country in 1947, it was amended by the Constituent Assembly and Ashok Chakra was adopted in place of Charkha. Volcanoes and It's Types We all know and we are also taught in schools and colleges that there are three colors in the tricolor. But these are not true. According to the Bureau of Indian Standards and International Standards, there are four colors in it. Saffron – Symbol of bravery and sacrifi...

Bamiyan Buddha The statues of Bamiyan Buddha are included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Site. These are located in Bamiyan Valley of Afghanistan, which were built around 4th – 5th century BC. Bamiyan was a major city on the Silk Route located in the valley of the Hindu Kush mountain ranges and on the banks of the Bamiyan River. The world's tallest Buddha statue of that time was built by cutting sandstone rocks located in the valley of the Hindu Kush mountain range, which was called Bamiyan Buddha. At present, this area is called 'Mes Aynak' or 'Mes Anneki' . There is also a copper mine in this area, where copper ore is present in abundance. Plateau - Relief of the Crust Location At present, it was situated on the banks of the Bamiyan river in the valley of the Hindu Kush mountain range at an altitude of 2500 meters (about 8200 feet), 230 km away from Kabul in the north-west direction. At that time, this place was a major center lying in the middle of the Sil...