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World Heritage Sites of India - Part 1

World Heritage Sites of India

As we have read in previous articles, UNESCO works closely with that nation to preserve the world's culture and cultural sites by providing them protection and also provides them with the necessary technical and financial help if needed. are, so that our cultural heritage is protected.

Sun Temple - Konark

Sun Temple or Black Pagoda , Konark , Odisha

Under the World Heritage Sites of India, we will know those sites which have been protected by UNESCO in India. So far, a total of 38 sites of India have been included in the list of World Heritage Sites, out of which 30 cultural sites, 7 natural site areas and 1 are located in the mixed list. Along with this, 13 cultures, traditions and arts of India have been given a place in the list of intangible cultural heritage.

Champaran Satyagraha - 1917

List Of Heritage Sites -

  1. Ajanta Caves , Aurangabad, Maharashtra
  2. Ellora Caves , Aurangabad , Maharashtra
  3. Taj Mahal , Agra , U.P. 
  4. Agra Fort , Agra , U.P.
  5. Sun Temple or Black Pagoda , Konark , Odisha
  6. Monuments of Mahabalipuram , Tamil Nadu
  7. Churches and Convents of Goa , Goa
  8. Khajuraho – Group of Monuments , Madhya Pradesh
  9. Fatehpur Sikri , U. P.
  10. Hampi – Group of Monuments , Bellary , Karnataka
  11. Elephanta Caves , Maharashtra
  12. Chola Group of Temples , Thanjavur , Tamil Nadu
  13. Pattadakal – Group of Monuments , Karnataka
  14. Buddhist Monument , Sanchi, M.P.
  15. Humayun's Tomb , Delhi
  16. Qutub Minar and Monument , Delhi
  17. Mountain Railway - ( West Bengal , Tamil Nadu, Himachal Pradesh )
  18. Mahabodhi Temple , Bodhgaya , Bihar
  19. Rock Shelters of Bhimbetka , Rock Shelter,  M.P.
  20. Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminal or Victoria Terminal Mumbai , Maharashtra
  21. Champaner – Pavagadh , Archaeological Park , Gujarat
  22. Red Fort Complex , Delhi
  23. Jantar - Mantar , Jaipur , Rajasthan
  24. Hill Forts , Rajasthan
  25. Rani Ki Vav Or Rani Ki Bawdi (Step well)  Gujarat

1. Ajanta Caves , Aurangabad , Maharashtra

  • Declared  :  In 1983 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period  :  2nd century BC to 6th century BC
  • Constructor  :  Maurya, Vakataka and Gupta kings
  • Building Material  :  Natural rock
  • Construction Style :  Kural and Sigiriya (Sri Lankan) painting style
  • Imagery :  Buddhism
  • Main Theme of Picture Style  :  Jataka Stories Of Buddhism
  • Total Number of Caves  :  31
Ajanta Caves - Heritage site

Ajanta - Ellora  Caves


2. Ellora Caves , Aurangabad , Maharashtra

  • Declared  :  In 1983 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction period  :  From 6th century to 13th century
  • Constructed by :  Followers of different religions
  • Construction Material  :  Natural Rock and Rock Pantygus Color
  • Construction Style  :  Mural painting style and Indian painting style
  • Pictoriality :  Buddhism, Hindu (Brahmin) and Jainism
  • Main Theme of Picture Style :  Predominance of Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism
  • Total Number of Monasteries and Temples  :  34

3. Taj Mahal , Agra , U.P. 

  • Declared  :  In 1983 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period : 1631 – 1648 AD (It took 17 years to build)
  • Constructed By : Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan
  • Architect :  Ustad Ahmad Lahori
  • Construction Material :  White and gray marble
  • Construction Style :  Indo-Islamic and Iranian Architecture
  • In Memory :  Shah Jahan in memory of his third wife Mumtaz Mahal
  • Location :  Located on the right bank of Yamuna river in Agra
  • Characteristic :  Octagonal with four minarets at the four corners of the mausoleum Itarat and decoration with precious stones on it (Chitradura style) And special decoration of flowers in Arabic style.
Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal 

4. Agra Fort , Agra , U.P.

  • Declared  :  In 1983 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period  :  1565 – 1573 AD (It took 8 years to build)
  • Constructed By :  Mughal Emperor Akbar
  • Building Material :  Red Sandstone
  • Construction Style :  Mughal Art
  • Location :  Situated on the right bank of Yamuna river at a distance of 2.5 km from Taj Mahal.
  • Specialty  :  Made of red sandstone and red brick. Many palaces inside it. There are mosques and minarets, in which Khas Mahal, Sheesh Mahal, Diwan Mahal, Diwan-i-Aam, Nagina Masjid and made of white marble Moti Masjid is prominent.
Agra Fort
Agra Fort 

Hoisting of The National Flag Along With The Flags of Other Nations

5. Sun Temple or Black Pagoda , Konark , Odisha

  • Declared  :  In 1984 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period  :  In the 13th century
  • Constructed By  :  King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty
  • Building Material  :  Natural rock
  • Construction Style :  Nagara style
  • Style Primacy :  Basis of Hindu Religious Beliefs
  • Location  : In the delta region of Mahanadi in Puri district of Odisha, Bengal . 
    • Located on the east coast of the Gulf.
  • Specialty : Its main feature is a structure of a chariot with seven horses and 24 wheels, reflecting Lord Surya. The entire temple is decorated with stone sculptures.

6. Monuments of Mahabalipuram , Tamil Nadu

  • Declared  :  In 1984 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period :  7th century to 8th century
  • Constructed By :  Pallava kings
  • Construction Material :  Natural rock and rock painting color
  • Construction Style : Dravina architecture or temple building art (Rajasingh style)
  • Genre Dominance :  Stories based on Hindu religious beliefs
  • Location :  On the Coromandel Coast, 58 km from Chennai in Tamil Nadu
  • Specialty : There are about 40 monuments in this monument group, in which the chariot temple (Ratha Mandap), Arjuna's repentance (Bhagirathi's repentance) and other temples and statues are prominent.

Monuments of Mahabalipuram

7. Churches and Convents of Goa , Goa

  • Declared  :  In 1986 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period :  16th – 17th century
  • Constructed By :  Portuguese
  • Construction Material :  By stone, sand, brick and cement
  • Construction Style :  Portuguese Architecture
  • Style Predominance :  On the basis of Christian and Parsi religious beliefs
  • Location :  Located in the old capital of Goa (Velha Goa)
  • Specialty : There were 60 churches here, of which only a few are left. It houses the tomb of Saint Francis Xavier and many other Catholic sites. That is why this place was called 'Rome of the East'.

8. Khajuraho – Group of Monuments , Madhya Pradesh

  • Declared  :  In 1986 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period :  In the 10th century
  • Constructed By : Rulers of Chandela dynasty
  • Construction Material  : Natural and polished pink sandstone
  • Construction Style : Nagar style and Panchayat style
  • Style Predominance :  On the basis of Hindu religious beliefs
  • Specialty : There were about 85 temples here, out of which only 22 are left now. Among these, Kandariya Mahadev of Khajuraho is a special attraction. Apart from this, Chausath Yogini, Vishnu temple etc. are prominent.
Khajuraho

 Khajuraho

9. Fatehpur Sikri , U. P.

  • Declared  :  In 1986 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction period :  In the 16th century
  • Constructed By :  Mughal Emperor Akbar
  • Construction Material : Red sandstone and multicolored marble
  • Construction Style :  Mughal architecture and painting style
  • Style Predominance :  Glimpses of Mughal Civilization and Culture
  • Specialty : It's construction was completed under the supervision of Akbar himself. 
    • The literal meaning of Fatehpur is - City of Victory.
    • It is a fully planned city.
  • Major Monuments : Jama Masjid, Buland Darwaza, Panchmahal, Salim Chishti's Tomb etc. are prominent among the major monuments here.
Fatehpur sikri
Fatehpur sikri

10. Hampi – Group of Monuments , Bellary , Karnataka

  • Declared  :  In 1986 
  • Category  :  Cultural Site
  • Construction Period :  In 16th – 17th century
  • Constructed By : Rulers of Vijay Nagar
  • Construction Material :  Natural and polished stone
  • Construction Style : Dravidian Architecture
  • Style Predominance :  Palaces and Temples based on Hindu belief
  • Location :  On the banks of the Tungabhadra river at a place called Hampi in Bellary district
  • Specialty : Most of the monuments here were destroyed by the enemies, only a few are left, in which Virupaksha Temple and Vithala Temple and Lotus Mahal are prominent.
Hampi

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