National War Memorial of India

A monument is a structure that is either specially built in memory of a person or an important event, or for a social group as a memory of its past. These monuments are important structures. The National War Memorial and other war memorials represent the nation's gratitude to its armed forces. Along with this, these monuments also provide inspiration to strengthen the sense of belonging, high moral values, sacrifice and national pride among the citizens of the country.

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National War Memorial

Even after India's independence in 1947, soldiers showed their courage, sacrifice and sacrifice in many wars and campaigns. There are many memorials already existing in honor of soldiers in India, there are many memorials in different states as well, but to remember and honor the sacrifice of soldiers at the national level, a National War Memorial has been demanded for a long time (proposed by the Armed Forces in 1960), which was approved by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in 2015 and approved for construction. Although India Gate and Amar Jawan Jyoti located in Delhi are also a war memorial, but these memorials have been built in the context of a particular war or event.

The National War Memorial is also special because the names of the soldiers who were martyred in the Galvan Valley of Ladakh since independence are engraved here in golden letters. In the National War Memorial, the years 1947-48 (India's freedom struggle), 1961 (Goa was freed from the Portuguese and merged with India), 1962 (India-China war in Ladakh region), 1965 (India-Pakistan war or second Kashmir) war) , 1971 (India–Pakistan War in which Bangladesh became the new nation) , 1987 (India–Pakistan or Siachen War) , 1987–88 (Sri Lanka War) , 1999 (India–Pakistan War or Kargil War) , 2020 (India–Pakistan War) Names of about 25942 jawans who laid down their lives in many other terrorist operations and peace operations are present.

Before moving on to the National War Memorial, let us briefly discuss India Gate and Amar Jawan Jyoti, which are war memorials dedicated to soldiers on special occasions. Let's take

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India Gate

India Gate was built by the British Government. It was built by the British Government in the memory of about 84,000 soldiers who were martyred in the First World War and the Third Afghan-Anglo War. The names of martyred soldiers are engraved all around on the walls of India Gate. The names of about 13516 soldiers are engraved on it. It was built by the British Government in the year 1931.

Amar Jawan Jyoti

The Amar Jawan Jyoti was lit on a platform under the domed roof of the India Gate in memory of the soldiers who died in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. In the middle of this platform, an ever-burning flame was lit in the memory of the soldiers, near this flame a rifle (gun) was turned upside down and that soldier's cap was kept. It represents the sign of a martyred soldier. This memorial was dedicated to the martyred soldiers on 26 January 1972 by the then Prime Minister Mrs. Indira Gandhi. 3843 soldiers were martyred in the 1971 war.

After becoming the National War Memorial, on 21 January 2022, under the chairmanship of Air Marshal Balabhadra Radhakrishna, the Amar Jawan Jyoti was merged with the National War Memorial.

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Main Points Related to National War Memorial

We will understand the important points related to the National War Memorial as follows –

• The Golden Victory Year's torches from different parts of the country were merged into the National War Memorial.
• On January 21, 2022, under the chairmanship of Air Marshal Balabhadra Radhakrishna, the Amar Jawan Jyoti was merged into the National War Memorial.
• The National War Memorial is spread over a large area, due to which there is no problem in finding the name of the martyred soldier, for this a mobile app National War Memorial and website https://nationalwarmemorial.gov.in have been launched. have gone In this app, by filling the name and other information of the martyred soldier, the status of his name can be easily found.

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• The architect of the National War Memorial is Yogesh Chandrahasan of We Be Design Lab, Chennai.
• It is spread over an area of 44 acres at a distance of 400 meters on the other side of India Gate.
• About 176 crore rupees were spent in making the National War Memorial.
• The National War Memorial was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 25 February 2019 in the evening.

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Structure of The National War Memorial

The National War Memorial has been built in the form of a four circular circle, taking inspiration from the Chakravyuh of Mahabharata, in the center of which a tall pillar is situated. These four chakras each represent different values of the armed forces. The Akhand Jyoti has been lit under this pillar. In this Akhand Jyoti, the torch of the Golden Victory Year and the Amar Jawan Jyoti were merged. Its four chakras have been given four different names. The complex also has a dedicated area for statues of soldiers awarded the country's highest gallantry award – the 'Param Vir Chakra', apart from the main memorial.

1. Amar Chakra
2. Veerata Chakra
3. Tyag Chakra
4. Raksha Chakra

1. Amar Chakra

This is the innermost circle, in the center of which is a 15.5 meter high memorial pillar. At its top is the National Emblem of India, while below it an obelisk with the Eternal Flame is lit. This flame is a symbol of the immortality of the souls of brave soldiers, as well as it inspires us to sacrifice and supreme sacrifice for the nation. This flame is an assurance that the nation will never forget the sacrifices of its soldiers.

2. Veerata Chakra

This is the second chakra outside the Amar Chakra, which is in the form of a covered gallery from all four sides. It shows the bravery of Indian soldiers. In this, various important battles fought by the Army, Air Force and Navy have been displayed through six murals made of bronze. There are a total of six murals here, which are related to different wars. These murals include the Battle of Longewala (1971), Battle of Gangasagar (1971), Battle of Tithwal (1947-48), Battle of Rejangla (1962), Operation Meghdoot (1987) and Operation Trident (1971). We will discuss in detail about all these battles in the next article.

3. Tyag Chakra 

It is situated on the outside of Veerta Chakra. Tyag Chakra is made of circular, concentric and 1.5 meter high wall, on which independent granite tablets covered with bricks are fixed. Each granite brick is dedicated to each soldier who made the supreme sacrifice. On each brick of these granite tablets, the names of the martyred soldiers are engraved in golden letters. 29760 granite tablets have been installed on these walls located all around. Here the names of about 25700 soldiers are engraved in golden letters.

4. Raksha Chakra

These are the outermost chakras. Rows of trees have been planted in this circle, in which 695 trees have been planted. Each tree represents the soldiers and it also ensures the territorial integrity of the nation along with giving an assurance to the citizens of the country about their protection against any threat.

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Lighting System

The National War Memorial has been equipped with a lighting system that provides a dynamism or feel of dynamism as the monument transforms from day to night at sunset. The warm white lighting and lighting here provide a warm atmosphere. The lighting of different chakras reflects different emotions.

1. Amar Chakra
2. Veerata Chakra
3. Tyag Chakra
4. Raksha Chakra

1. Amar Chakra 

Here the ever-burning obelisk itself is present as a sign of purity, as well as the light burning around it creates radiance and divine aura.

2. Veerata Chakra 

The lighting here emphasizes the bravery and excitement of victory.

3. Tyag Chakra 

Here the lighting is arranged in such a way that the light is focused on the names engraved on the granite tablet to highlight the supreme sacrifice of the soldiers.

4. Raksha Chakra 

The lighting system here reflects the persistence. The light here illuminates the guards.

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Events Of The National War Memorial

• On some special occasions, a ceremony will be held to offer flowers.
• There will be a retreat ceremony every day just before sunset.
• There will be 'Change of Guard Ceremony' and 'Band Performance' on Sunday morning at 9:50 am, which will last for about half an hour.

Timings and Rules For Tourism

• The National War Memorial will be open daily for tourism. There may be restrictions on entry timings on certain days.
• Entry is free here.
• To control the crowd in the inner circle (Amar Chakra) of the monument, only 200 – 250 people will be allowed in the inner circle at a time.
• The duration of the National War Memorial will be as follows –
• From November to March – 9:00 AM to 6:30 PM.
• From April to October – 9:00 AM to 7:30 PM.
• Tourists would like to offer flowers or wreaths here. If they wish, they can place flowers under the engraved name of the soldier.
• Tourists are allowed photography here, but it should not cause any problem to anyone else.

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