Cytoplasm : Structure & Function

-

The substance found between the nucleus and the plasma membrane in the cell, in which the entire cell organelles are suspended, is called cytoplasm. It is also called as Cytosol or Cytoplasmic matrix.

  • Strassburger has differentiated the protoplasm into cytoplasm and nucleoplasm.
  • The homogeneous, translucent and colloidal fluid of cytoplasm is also called as Hyaloplasm.
  • The structures which are suspended in the Hyaloplasm, are known as Cell Inclusions.
  • The hyaloplasm acts as a base for these cell inclusions, thus also known as Cytosol or Cytoplasmic matrix.
    • The peripheral layer of the cytoplasm, which is agranular, transparent, rigid and viscous, is called as Plasma Gel Or Ectoplasm.
    • The inner layer of the cytoplasm, which is granular, less viscous, is called as Plasma Sol Or Endoplasm.
read also : 
  1. Hydrosphere : An Introduction With Important Terms
  2. Ocean Current - Part 1, Ocean Current Stream & its Origin

A Cell Structure

Composition of The Cytoplasm

  • It contains about 75 – 90 % water of its volume.
  • Various inorganic substances are found in its ionic form.
  • Organic substances such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleoproteins, nucleic acid and various enzymes are also present in cytoplasm.
  • Starch, glycogen, fats, proteins etc. are the stored food present in colloidal form in cytoplasm.
  • Few waste products are also occurred in the cytoplasm.
read also : 
  1. Know Your Joint Pain : Cause , Home Remedies & Exercise

Cytoplasmic Movement Or Cyclosis

  • The autonomous movement or streaming of the cytoplasm is known as Cyclosis Or Cytoplasmic Streaming.
  • It is found in a eukaryotic cells such as plant cells and protozoan cells.
  • The viscosity of cytoplasm, temperature and metabolic state of the cell affects the Cyclosis.
  • There are two types of Cyclosis, Rotation and Circulation.
    • Rotation – In this, the flow of the cytoplasm is one directional around central vacuole. Ex.- Hydrilla plants leaf
    • Circulation – In this, the flow of cytoplasm takes place in many directions around various vacuoles. Ex. – anther of  Tradescantia
Cyclosis in Paramecium

  • Importance of Cyclosis

    • The transport of the substances is held through the cytoplasmic streaming.
    • The regulation of the temperature is performed by the cyclosis.
    • The movement of the food vacuoles is performed by the cyclosis, by which the distribution of the nutrients is equal in the cell.
read more : 
  1. Statue of Equality
  2. National Flag Code

Function of the Cytoplasm

  • The intracellular distribution of the various nutrients and metabolic substances is performed by the cytoplasm.
  • Various metabolic reactions such as biosynthesis, glycolysis is accomplished in the cytoplasm.
  • The exchange of various substances between different cell organelles is done through the cytoplasm.
  • Cytoplasm acts as a store house for various essential raw materials for metabolic process.
  • The exchange of various substances between the endothelium and extracellular space is done the through cytoplasm.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Indian Martial Art - Part 4

-
Image
Indian Martial Art The  literal meaning of 'martial art' is - 'art related to waging war'.  As we all know,  India is a country of traditions and cultures . Indian martial arts or martial arts are also one of the many variations of India. In ancient times, these martial arts played an important role in defeating the opposing side and establishing their supremacy over the dynasties and primitive tribes, but in the present context, if we look at these martial arts, they are  used generally in Physical health benefits, for self-defense, for religious rites and in the film world. These martial arts are mainly related to dance, yoga and performance arts. Different Branches and Sub-Branches of Science and Their Fields of Study Different Types of Indian Martial Arts Different types of martial arts are prevalent in different states and regions of India, some of which we will see in this article. We will see the details of the remaining others in the next article under differ...
Read more

Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 2)

-
Image
Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 2) We will understand the material related to the development of the Indian Constitution in the following four parts, whose links are as follows – Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 1) Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 2) Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 3) Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 4) We can divide the development of the Indian Constitution mainly into two categories – Acts passed under the British East India Company (1773 – 1853) Regulating Act 1773 Act of Settlement 1781 Act of 1786 Pitt's India Act 1784 Charter Act, 1793 Charter Act, 1813 Charter Act, 1833 Charter Act, 1853 Acts passed under the British Crown (1857 – 1947 ) Government of India Act, 1858 Indian Councils Act, 1861 Act of 1873  Imperial Titles Act, 1876 Indian Councils Act, 1892 Indian Councils Act, 1...
Read more

Major Facts Related to Lakes of India And The World

-
Image
Major Facts Related to Lakes The major facts related to lakes are as follows , which can be categeorise into Lakes of the World and The lakes of the India. These are as follows -  Albinism : Genetic Mendelian Abnormality Lakes of the World Deepest lake – Lake Baikal (1750 m.) The lowest depth lake – Lake Chad of Africa (3 m.). Largest lake – Caspian Sea, followed by Lake Tanganyika. Longest lake – Lake Tanganyika (660 km), Fresh water lake. Largest fresh water lake – Lake Superior (US) | Highest navigable lake – Titicaca (located on the border of Peru and Bolivia) Highest lake – Tisso Sikru (located in the plateau of Tibet). Largest caldera lake – Tobajil (Indonesia) | Most salinity lakes – Turkey's Van Lake (330%), Jordan's Dead Sea (238%), America's Great Salt Lake (220%). Edicts and Architecture of Mauryan Lakes of India The lakes located in the deltaic regions of the river Ganges are called Bhils. The lagoon lake located on the west coast of India is called Kayal. Bemba...
Read more