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Pabna Rebellion : 1873 - 85

We have already discussed about few Farmer's Movement in British india like Ramosi Rebellion, Mopilla Rebellion And Indigo Movement. Now in this topics we are going to discuss about Pabna Rebellion which held in 1873. the details are as -

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Pabna Rebellion : 1873 - 85

  • Pabna rebellion started in Pabna district of West Bengal. Pabna area was famous for jute cultivation.
  • The main reason for this rebellion was the unrest expressed by the peasants in the 1870s and early 1880s. The reason for the unrest of the farmers was to increase the rates of rent by the landlords more than the legal limit. Along with this, they started trying to snatch the lands of the tenants or farmers from them or to deprive them of their rights. The landlords also started doing many kinds of atrocities on the farmers for their selfishness.
  • Due to the dissatisfaction of the landlords among the farmers, in 1873, a farmer's union was established in Yusufsahi pargana of Pabna district. This union organized the farmers.
  • Kisan Sangh did things like rent strike, non-payment of rent, collecting donations for the expenses incurred in filing lawsuits against the landlords. The expansion of this movement was within the purview of the law. Except for some sporadic incidents, this movement remained peaceful.
  • The main leaders of the Pabna rebellion were Ishanchandra Rai, Keshavchandra Rai, Shambhupal etc.
  • Violent incidents took place in the Pabna rebellion when they had to fight with the police or landlords to save the documents.
  • The commission appointed by the government to inquire into the causes and nature of the Pabna rebellion considered poverty and the consequent indebtedness of the peasantry as the main cause of the rebellion.
  • The slogan given by the leaders of this movement was, "We want to be the vassals of the Queen and only the Queen."
  • Since this rebellion was limited only to the legal scope, only the Indian Penal Code was resorted to in its suppression, no armed action was taken.
  • The Pabna rebellion ended only in 1876, but due to some sporadic incidents, some historians consider its end as 1885 because in 1885, the Bengal Tenancy Act came into force.
  • The main reason for the success of Pabna rebellion was the cooperation and work done shoulder to shoulder by every class and community. Which was a unique example of communal harmony.
  • This movement also got support from the intellectual class of Bengal. The Indian Association and some nationalist newspapers also insisted on the stabilization of rent prices.
  • Bankimchandra Chatterjee and RC Dutt supported the Pabna rebellion.
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