Prokaryotic Cell : Characteristics in brief

-

As the name indicates , Prokaryotic Cells means Primitive Cells. Prokaryotic is a Greek word which is made up of two words  pro means primitive and karyon means nucleus that means the cells who have Primitive Nucleus in nature are called Prokaryotic Cell. This includes bacteria, viruses, blue-green algae etc.

read also : Agriculture, It's Various Types And Crops

Characteristic of The Prokaryotic Cells

  • These are usually single celled organisms or unicellular.
  • There is a lake of definite nucleus prokaryotic cells.
  • A gram negative cell wall enclosed the cytoplasm.
  • A nucleoid or nuclear region in found in cytoplasm in which the naked chromosome of DNA is found.
    • The bacterial chromosome is a single circular molecule of naked DNA which is tightly   coiled with the nuceloid.
  • Certain bacteria contain a small extrachromosomal circular DNA called a plasmid which act as  accessory chromosome.
  • Genetic material is located on a single chromosome which comprises a circular double strand of DNA.
  • Basic protein, which is Histone protein, is absent in prokaryotic cells.
  • There is a lack of cytoplasmic organelles such as Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Golgi Complex, Cetrioles etc. 
Prokaryotic Cell
Prokaryotic Cell
  • The cell wall is composed of carbohydrates and amino acids only, unlike the cellulose wall found in plants.
  •  The plasma membrane lies beneth the cell wall and serves to determine the entry and exit of molecules from the cell.
  •  The plasma membrane acts as mitochondrial membrane carrying respiratory enzymes.
  •  There are many small structures present in the cytoplasm , called as ribosomes. The protein synthesis is held on the surface of ribosome.
  •  Many enzymes are present in the cytoplasm. Some of which take part in the synthesis of protein and other substances needed for cell growth. Except enzymes several types of RNAs also take part in the protein synthesis which is present in the cytoplasm.
  •  Other enzymes take part in the energy – liberating reactions which is occur in the cytoplasm. These reactions are aerobic reactions which is held in cell membrane.
  •  The reproduction is asexual , thus binary fission or amitotic cell division occur.
  •  These are unicellular but can forms colonies or biofilms.
     read also : Stars : Origin And Destruction

    Types of Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotic cells are classified into following categories :-

  1. Bacterial cells
  2. Pleuropneumonia like organisms ( PPLO )
  3. Blue – green algae
  4.  Viruses
Bacterial Cell
Bacterial Cell

Blue green Algae
Blue green Algae

    Comments

    Post a Comment

    Popular posts from this blog

    Indian Martial Art - Part 4

    -
    Image
    Indian Martial Art The  literal meaning of 'martial art' is - 'art related to waging war'.  As we all know,  India is a country of traditions and cultures . Indian martial arts or martial arts are also one of the many variations of India. In ancient times, these martial arts played an important role in defeating the opposing side and establishing their supremacy over the dynasties and primitive tribes, but in the present context, if we look at these martial arts, they are  used generally in Physical health benefits, for self-defense, for religious rites and in the film world. These martial arts are mainly related to dance, yoga and performance arts. Different Branches and Sub-Branches of Science and Their Fields of Study Different Types of Indian Martial Arts Different types of martial arts are prevalent in different states and regions of India, some of which we will see in this article. We will see the details of the remaining others in the next article under differ...
    Read more

    Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 2)

    -
    Image
    Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 2) We will understand the material related to the development of the Indian Constitution in the following four parts, whose links are as follows – Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 1) Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 2) Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 3) Evolution of the Indian Constitution : Historical Background (Part - 4) We can divide the development of the Indian Constitution mainly into two categories – Acts passed under the British East India Company (1773 – 1853) Regulating Act 1773 Act of Settlement 1781 Act of 1786 Pitt's India Act 1784 Charter Act, 1793 Charter Act, 1813 Charter Act, 1833 Charter Act, 1853 Acts passed under the British Crown (1857 – 1947 ) Government of India Act, 1858 Indian Councils Act, 1861 Act of 1873  Imperial Titles Act, 1876 Indian Councils Act, 1892 Indian Councils Act, 1...
    Read more

    Major Facts Related to Lakes of India And The World

    -
    Image
    Major Facts Related to Lakes The major facts related to lakes are as follows , which can be categeorise into Lakes of the World and The lakes of the India. These are as follows -  Albinism : Genetic Mendelian Abnormality Lakes of the World Deepest lake – Lake Baikal (1750 m.) The lowest depth lake – Lake Chad of Africa (3 m.). Largest lake – Caspian Sea, followed by Lake Tanganyika. Longest lake – Lake Tanganyika (660 km), Fresh water lake. Largest fresh water lake – Lake Superior (US) | Highest navigable lake – Titicaca (located on the border of Peru and Bolivia) Highest lake – Tisso Sikru (located in the plateau of Tibet). Largest caldera lake – Tobajil (Indonesia) | Most salinity lakes – Turkey's Van Lake (330%), Jordan's Dead Sea (238%), America's Great Salt Lake (220%). Edicts and Architecture of Mauryan Lakes of India The lakes located in the deltaic regions of the river Ganges are called Bhils. The lagoon lake located on the west coast of India is called Kayal. Bemba...
    Read more