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Inheritance of Sex Linked Genes

As we read under the heading of linkage, there are certain genes or gene groups, which are attached to the chromosomes and are inherited along with the chromosomes in the next generation. Will know the Lakhans related to.

The foundation of human genetics was laid by Sir Francis Galton in 1883, due to which Sir Francis Galton is called 'The Father of Human Genetics'. Under human genetics, the traits that are inherited in humans are studied.

Sex Linked Genes

Agriculture Committee

Sex Linked Inheritance

A total of 46 chromosomes are found in human vegetative cells, out of which 22 pairs of chromosomes are related to vegetative cells while one pair of chromosomes are related to gender XY (X – for female and Y – for male), that is, determine the sex in humans. These somatic genes are attached or linked to the sex chromosomes and are passed on from one generation to another. In this way, they continue to display the hereditary somatic character in the next generation. These genes are called Sex Linked Gene while the character controlled by these genes are called Sex Linked Characters. And the inheritance of these traits is called Sex Linked Inheritance. So far about 120 sex linked traits have been discovered in humans.

Types of Sex Linked Traits

Sex-linked traits found in humans can be divided into the following three parts on the basis of their presence on the sex chromosome –
  1. Holandric Sex Linked Characters   Or    Y  -  Linked Traits
  2. Diandric Sex Linked Characters     Or    X  -  Linked Traits
  3. Incomplete Sex Linked Characters

1. Holandric Sex Linked Characters     Or     Y Linked Traits

The genes for these traits are located on the heterozygous part of the Y-chromosome and their alternative or alleles are not found on the X chromosome. Such symptoms reach directly from father to son. These symptoms are not present in women. Due to being located on the Y-chromosome, they are called Y-linked traits. Hypertrichulosis of Karnapallav i.e. hair growing on the ears of men is a prime example of this.

2. Diandric Sex Linked Characters     Or    X  -  Linked Traits

The genes for these traits are located on the heterozygous part of the X-chromosome and their alternative or alleles are not found on the Y-chromosome. Such traits reach from father to daughter and from daughter to son, hence this type of inheritance is called Criss-Cross Inheritance. Being located on the X-chromosome, they are called X-Linked Traits. Color blindness, Haemophilia and Defective Enamel are prime examples of this.

3. Incomplete Sex Linked Characters

The genes for these traits are located on the homologous part of the X or Y chromosome, and they are inherited in the same way as normal somatic traits. Complete color blindness is a prime example of this.

Reasons for Mendel's Success - Genetics
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